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How to choose a suitable shield tunneling cutter?
Category: Industry News
Time: 2026-04-30
Summary: There are significant differences in the cutting methods, hardness, and wear resistance requirements for cutting tools in different geological formations.
1、 Select based on geological conditions
There are significant differences in the cutting methods, hardness, and wear resistance requirements for cutting tools in different geological formations.
Soft soil layers (such as clay, silt, and silt):
Priority should be given to using scraping tools such as scrapers, cutters, advance knives, and center knives.
Require sharp cutting edge, strong cutting force, and smooth soil discharge.
Hard rock or weathered rock formations (such as granite, limestone):
Using rolling cutters (disc-shaped cutters, conical cutters) to crush rocks through rolling and squeezing.
The material of the cutting ring needs to be high hardness and high wear resistance, and is often selected as a toothed hard alloy cutting ring (suitable for 150-250 MPa rock layers).
The types of rolling cutters include standard steel cutting rings, heavy-duty steel cutting rings, wear-resistant layer surface cutting rings, etc., which are selected according to the strength classification of rock layers.
Composite strata (alternating soft and hard, sand and gravel with floating stones):
Mixed configuration of rolling cutters, scrapers, and advance knives.
It is recommended to use a shell knife or heavy-duty tearing knife to assist in crushing large particle size boulders (>400 mm) in the area.
2、 Match shield machine type
Earth pressure balance shield tunneling: The cutting tool needs to effectively cut and mix the soil in the sealed chamber, and the scraper ratio is relatively high.
Mud water balance shield tunneling: higher requirements for tool wear resistance and corrosion resistance, especially in high water pressure environments.
3、 Pay attention to the core performance indicators of cutting tools
Hardness: determines wear resistance, high hardness is required in hard rocks (such as hard alloys).
Resilience: Preventing fracture in soft soil or impact formations.
Sharpness: affects cutting efficiency, especially in clay formations.
Size and shape: Must match the structure of the shield machine cutterhead, customized for non-standard projects.
Keywords: How to choose a suitable shield tunneling cutter?
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